The Economics of Solar and Wind Energy, IRENA.
This report assesses costs at the asset level. The interpretation of these results is subject to two important caveats. Firstly, this report does not advocate a firm and continuous supply as a universal goal. Second, the flat production profile that underpins this cost metric is an assumption chosen for the sake of comparability and transparency, […]
Reporting requirements in social and environmental due diligence legislation. OECD.
Most legislative due diligence measures require reporting on similar elements, but they differ in scope and units of analysis. These differences can lead companies to report different risks and have difficulty demonstrating the effectiveness of their due diligence. Policymakers can provide guidance on how to demonstrate due diligence.
Critical Minerals Traceability for Energy and Economic Security, IEA.
The risks to energy and economic security arising from the high concentration in the supply chains of critical minerals became a reality in 2025. Traceability allows governments and businesses to trace the origin of minerals and their journey through supply chains. The tracked material may include additional data, such as sustainability or quality attributes, that […]
Global Methane Tracker, IEA, 2026.
The Tracker presents the latest emissions estimates from the sector and discusses different mitigation options. It includes a chapter on the efforts of many countries to develop markets for near-zero methane intensity fuels, accompanied by a framework to help countries respond to high-emission events.
Global Energy Review, IEA.
This edition of the Report provides the first comprehensive assessment of trends across the energy sector up to 2025, with data on all fuels and technologies, and energy-related carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. The report includes estimates of energy demand by region, source and fuel; the evolution of demand; the deployment of certain technologies; and emissions […]
Key issues in energy and AI, IEA.
Comprehensive monitoring and collaboration with the technology sector, including more systematic disclosure of energy consumption, will continue to be essential to improve the robustness of energy demand forecasts. Data center electricity demand grew by 17% in 2025. The electricity consumption of data centers dedicated to AI increased by 50% in 2025.
Advance of Sustainable Forest Bioeconomy Approaches, UFRO.
This policy brief consolidates scientific evidence, policy perspectives and practical approaches on how to advance sustainable forest bioeconomy approaches. It is aimed at policymakers, practitioners, researchers and stakeholders seeking to design and implement strategies that harness the full potential of forests, while safeguarding their ecological integrity.
Roadmap: “Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. Basque Trade & Investment.
The CBAM is regulated by Regulation 2023/956, which has been amended, and the sectors affected are those that are considered to be more CO2-intensive: cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, hydrogen and electricity. On 1 January 2026, the definitive phase came into force, in which the obligations cease to be informative and now have a […]
Transition towards Climate Neutrality: Objectives and Reality. Papeles de Economía Española.
Although the EU recognises that the transition to a low-carbon economy will have socio-economic implications, the technological and social challenges have not been eliminated. Therefore, in order to achieve the long-term objectives, it will be essential to maintain the commitment, cooperation and coordinated action of all agents. The purpose of this issue of Papeles de […]
Rare earth elements. Pathways to secure and diversified supply chains. International Energy Agency.
This report assesses the current state of the rare earth element market, analyzing supply and demand dynamics. It analyzes the entire value chain, assesses vulnerabilities in supply chains, and highlights the implications of potential disruptions. The report presents eight policy recommendations that can pave the way to safer and more resilient rare earth element supply […]
