IEEE. Saudi Arabia’s Role in Today’s Strategic Minerals Supply Chains

Introduction: Global Overview of the Geopolitics of Critical Minerals
Critical minerals are those considered essential for industrial production, digitalization and the energy transition, and are subject to possible restrictions on their supply, which can significantly affect a country’s economy. These minerals are considered strategic when they are essential to a specific economic policy or activity, and are key to the defence and aerospace sectors. Its critical nature (or criticality) is given by the imbalance between the supply and demand of terrestrial geological reserves, the limitations in their extraction and processing, and the vulnerability of supply chains.

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